Advanced Dental Admission Test (ADAT)

Which gland is most commonly affected by pleomorphic adenoma?

1. Sublingual gland

2. Submandibular gland

3. Palatal glands

4. Parotid gland

The correct answer is: Parotid gland

The parotid gland is the most commonly affected gland by pleomorphic adenoma, which is also known as a benign mixed tumor. This type of tumor is the most frequent parotid neoplasm, accounting for approximately 60-80% of all salivary gland tumors. The parotid gland is the largest salivary gland and is situated near the ear, making it a prime site for the development of pleomorphic adenomas due to its size and cellular diversity. Pleomorphic adenomas are characterized by a mixture of both epithelial and mesenchymal (stromal) components, which can lead to their variable presentation and histological features. While other glands, like the submandibular and sublingual glands, can also be affected, pleomorphic adenomas predominately arise in the parotid gland, contributing to their identification and treatment considerations in clinical practice.