Advanced Dental Admission (ADAT) Practice Test

Clara cells, also known as Club cells, are specialized epithelial cells found in the lungs, particularly in the bronchioles. One of their primary functions is the production of surfactant, a substance that decreases surface tension within the alveoli. This property is crucial for maintaining the structural integrity of the lungs and preventing alveolar collapse during exhalation. Producing surfactant helps improve gas exchange efficiency by stabilizing the alveolar surface.

While Clara cells play a significant role in respiratory health and function, they are not primarily involved in mucous production, gas exchange, or sensation. Mucous is mainly produced by goblet cells, gas exchange occurs in the alveoli with the assistance of alveolar type I and II cells, and sensation in the respiratory tract is typically mediated by different sensory nerve cells. Therefore, the statement regarding their production of surfactant accurately captures one of their key functional roles in the respiratory system.