Advanced Dental Admission Test (ADAT)

What is the predominant function of the stratum corneum in the skin?

1. Protection against UV radiation

2. Providing sensory information

3. Regulating temperature

4. Preventing water loss

The correct answer is: Preventing water loss

The predominant function of the stratum corneum, which is the outermost layer of the epidermis, is to prevent water loss. This layer is made up of dead keratinized cells that form a tough, protective barrier. The lipid content in the stratum corneum helps to minimize transepidermal water loss, which is crucial for maintaining hydration and overall skin health. This function is vital because it not only protects the underlying layers of the skin but also plays a role in regulating the skin's moisture content. If the stratum corneum is compromised, it can lead to dehydration of the skin, making it dry and more susceptible to irritants and pathogens. While protection against UV radiation, providing sensory information, and regulating temperature are important functions of the skin as a whole, they are not the primary roles of the stratum corneum itself. The stratum corneum's main responsibility is specifically tied to its barrier function, which is essential for maintaining skin integrity and preventing excessive moisture loss.